To fully understand why dogs see purple so differently, it helps to compare dog vision and human vision: Vision Feature The red half of what makes purple “purple” is invisible to them. So in essence, dogs do technically perceive purple, but only as a grayish, diluted version of blue. Dogs, on the other hand, just see it as a variant of blue caused by very dull red tones. Think of it like this – humans see purple as its own distinct color between red and blue. However, without the red wavelengths, the color is not the bright violet humans see. Since dog vision sees the blue spectrum, they can detect the blue wavelengths in purple. While dogs can’t see the true richness of purple, they may be able to perceive some element of the color. ColorĪs the table shows, dogs miss out on the red tones that make purple look vibrant and saturated to our eyes. In general, any hue made with a lot of red – like purple, pink, orange, brown – will look unsaturated and washed out, if visible at all. Or, in darker purples with more red mixed in, the color may register as simply black. Instead, the color likely appears as a hazy bluish-gray color. This means dogs probably do not see the vibrant violet tones of purple. Since dogs cannot detect red light waves very well, the red tones in purple are likely invisible or very dull to them. Purple is a mix of red and blue light waves. Does Purple Appear Gray or Black to Dogs? Knowing this, we can make some predictions about how dogs see purple and other reddish/violet hues. Their visual acuity is 20/75 compared to a human’s 20/20.They may perceive some reddish/purplish tones as a very dark gray or black due to their limited cones.Their eyes have rods for scotopic vision (nighttime) and less cones for photopic vision (daytime).They primarily see the blue and yellow spectrums, as well as brightness.They cannot distinguish between red, orange, yellow, green, purple, brown, etc. Dogs are essentially red-green colorblind.To understand what purple looks like to dogs, we first have to understand some basics about how dog vision works: This is why we often wonder how dogs perceive certain colors, like purple. Their vision is dichromatic rather than trichromatic like humans, meaning they can only detect 2 primary colors – blue and yellow – compared to a human’s 3 – red, green, and blue. Dogs see the world very differently than humans do.
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